Early Childhood Education Training Program Essay - 1576 Words

Running head: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 1 Early Childhood Education Training Program for New Parents Heather Bakker Aspen University EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 2 Abstract The following plan was designed to teach new parents about how a child develops. The training will be broken up into three different parts. The first part will explain what developmentally appropriate practice is and the characteristics present when it is done successfully. The second section will discuss child development. The ideas of three different theorists will be presented to the parents. The final section will discuss various milestones their children will go through. The final section will include a hands-on component, allowing parents to see some of what they have learned first hand. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 3 Section 1: Developmentally appropriate practice and characteristics Powerpoint presentation Part 1 Developmentally appropriate practice is when curriculum is based on, â€Å"...an in-depth understanding of child development and learning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Henniger p. 88). There are three main aspects to focus on when discussing developmentally appropriateShow MoreRelatedThis Chapter Will Provide The Theoretical Framework For1281 Words   |  6 PagesThis chapter will provide the theoretical framework for training teachers for family engagement followed by a current and comprehensive literature review of: (1) Importance of family engagement, (2) Family engagement and educational equity, (3) Current state of teacher preparation for family engagement, (4) Teachers’ beliefs and attitudes towards family engagement, and (5) Best practices for teacher preparation. Following the literature review, the summary at the end of the chapter will proposeRead MoreProfessional Development in Early Childhood Education Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestheir early childhood development are teacher professionals who have a passion and a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators plays in the field of early childhood education for working with young children in their early childhood years of life, which the requirements, most of the time, are to have both a formal education and passing teacher-certification score. The National Association for Education of YoungRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably the most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreThe Position Of Coordinator Early Childhood Education753 Words   |  4 PagesCoordinator-Early Childhood Education. In the next paragraphs, I would like to give you a short history of how I have grown professionally since I became an Early Childhood Education Professional. The paragraphs will also highlight my professional accomplishments and state the reason why I am seeking a position with Washington Unified School District. In December 2006, I joined Peninsula Family Service Agency as one of their site directors for their Plaza Child Development program in Redwood CityRead MorePreschool Education Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pages Preschool programs began in the United States during the first quarter of the twentieth century with the first public preschool opening in 1925 in Chicago at Franklin School. After the 1970s the popularity of preschools increased as women were entering the workforce and people believed that children needed initial skills before they attended elementary school. (â€Å"All About Preschools, History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 2). Early childhood education plays a key role in a child’s academic development because he or she learnsRead MoreEarly Childhood Education: A Wise Investment Approach for a Better Future721 Words   |  3 PagesTitle Early Childhood Education: A wise investment approach for a better future. 1. Core message There are many benefits from improving quality in Early Child Education services and the trade-off between affordability and quality in these services should not determine the efficiency of this improvement. Even though this latter issue (affordability versus quality) comes to reality and associated dollar cost might impact on families’ budget, it should be explain benefits from this kind of actionsRead MoreThe State Of Georgia Have Quality Early Childhood Education1447 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Purpose The purpose of this policy is to ensure that all children in the state of Georgia have quality Early Childhood Programs that are accessible, affordable, comprehensive, and sustainable. Crafting strategic and thoughtful policy in the forefront will ensure the academic achievement, social development and future success of the state’s youth. †¢ Scope This policy will aim to address the social, academic and general health needs of all children from birth to the age of 8 years in the state ofRead MoreEarly Childhood Teacher And A Psychologist1525 Words   |  7 Pages3 2. Job Description 7-5 2.1. Early Childhood Teacher 4 2.1.1 Tasks 5 2.1.2. Personal Requirements 5 2.1.3. Education and Training 5 2.2. Psychologist 5-7 2.2.1 Tasks 5 2.2.2. Personal Requirements 6 2.2.3. Education and Training 7 3. My Personal Skills, Attributes and Values 7-8 3.1. Skills 7 3.2. Attributes 7 3.3. Values 8 4. Which Job Do I Suit Better? 8 Contentsâ€Æ' 1. Introduction Two jobs that I have always been extremely interested in include, an early childhood teacher and a psychologist. IRead MoreCharacteristics Of A High Quality Program1203 Words   |  5 Pages When researching early childhood programs, it’s important to look for characteristics of a high quality program. Components and characteristics of a high-quality program include, but are not limited to: a curriculum that is developmentally appropriate; teachers with adequate training; a safe environment; small group size and low adult to child ratios; and communication between parents and teachers (Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy, 2012). Developmentally appropriate curriculum means usingRead MoreThe Goals Of Youth Engagement Services865 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional and government organizations, educational institutions, and advocacy groups provide a vast array of advice, materials, training, and other support, both for parents of young children and for teachers, caregivers , and directors working with young children and their families (Wardle 2013). Our communities provide resources for families and early care and education programs to support children’s development that are both local and web-based. As educators, it is important to inform families of these

The Renaissance in Art Essay - 957 Words

Renaissance Art When the new upper class movement, Renaissance, occurred in Italy around the 14th century, a revival of the classical forms originally developed by the ancient Greeks and Romans, an intensified concern with secular life, and interest in humanism and assertion of the importance of the individual began. Thus, artists such as Mosaccio and Giotto depicted art that unlike the Middle Ages, showed emotions, feelings, and bright colors, thus demonstrating the deep concern for naturalism in the society. Other artists during the Italian Renaissance period such as Giovanni Bellini began to express their art through secular and religious themes and ideas that were exhibited through landscapes and portraits. As new styles of†¦show more content†¦His most famous and recognized work, however, the Birth of Venus uses the combination of mythology and religion, also a popular humanistic idea adopted from the Greeks. With the continuous growth of paintings and artists, prestige for art increased dramatically to the point in which religious aspects were shown through landscapes, portraits, and temperas. This then allowed the creation of new styles and mathematical input that manifested everyday life with religious aspects. One such artist was Giovanni Bellini who introduced bright, rich, strong colors into his palette and landscapes that expressed the happiness, calmness, and prosperity that Italy carried throughout the Renaissance. These characteristics and styles of paintings subsequently became a popular Venetian cornerstone. Other important figures in the Italian Renaissance that demonstrated the movement?s ideas through their ingenious paintings and architectural methods were Pier Della Francesca and Leon Battista Alberti. Francesca, who was and expert in mathematics, developed the art form of perspective. Alberti, on the other hand, as an architect developed the pediment which became popular throughout the entire Renaissance. His monasteries and churches depicted many of the religious ideas, as evident in one of his famous works, the Santa Maria Novella. All in all, the use of the common religious themes such as the annunciation, adoration, Crucifixion, and the popular MadonnaShow MoreRelatedRenaissance Art : The Renaissance And The Renaissance852 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance, better known as the â€Å"rebirth â€Å"period helped bring life back to culture and the arts. It was a movement that began in Florence, Italy, but eventually spread throughout Europe. It stemmed from a very dark period in history. Prior to the Renaissance, Europe experienced the Medieval Times, or Dark Ages, a time of war famine, and disease. There were many causes of the Renaissance such as â€Å"The Black Death† and the new idea that social class does not dictate your wealth. The RenaissanceRead MoreRenaissance Italian Art : Art And Art Of The Renaissance1572 Words   |   7 PagesRenaissance Italian Artists The Renaissance occurred in Europe between 1400 and 1600. This event began in Italy during the Medieval period and then expanded to the rest of Europe, marking the start of the Modern age. The Renaissance began in Florence Italy in the 14th century. It was a cultural movement that had an enormous impact in Europe during the early modern period. The Renaissance’s influenced politics, science, literature, art, philosophy, religion, music, and other aspects. AroundRead MoreRenaissance Art And Art953 Words   |  4 PagesArt is an endless category, the more you look at it, the far it seems to get and yet you cannot keep your eyes off it. I believe that art expands during the Renaissance in Europe in 1350 to 1600. Creating changes and effects in literature, philosophy, politics, economic, social, religion, and art. The development that I choose that I felt that help contribute the manufacture of visual culture was Religion. Religion had a big impact in this era, if it wa sn’t for religion we would of never experienceRead MoreRenaissance Art : The Renaissance Period867 Words   |  4 PagesRenaissance Art The Renaissance time period was home to many new ideas in art. This includes new artists bringing forth ideas that had yet to be discovered and made popular. New themes and types of art were also being brought forward during this period. Numerous artists had to of been present to make Renaissance art the way it is. Some of the world’s most famous artists were working during this time period, including Leonardo da Vinci, and other artists like Sandro Botticelli and Lorenzo GhibertiRead MoreArt And Abstract Art : Renaissance Art1113 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion #1. 20 points Renaissance Art was innovative. Renaissance artist illustrated natures beauty with biblical accounts. In addition, artist began to use oil painting which set Renaissance style apart. Additionally, renaissance art influenced society perception of the world with visual imagery by constructing detailed events, places, or objects. However, Cubism’s, transformed creation of images by utilizing geometric perception of natural description. Nevertheless, Renaissance art influenced societyRead MoreExamples Of Art And Renaissance Art1115 Words   |  5 PagesArt can be classified into different eras by their similar and distinguishing subjects and methods. They show the progression and timeline for different standards of art and the point of views and values for the people of the time. For example, the Renaissance art period, was an art period in which religious authority figures sought to beautify their cities and palaces with artworks detailing religious themes. Renaissance art was a lso commissioned by wealthy bankers, and churches. What is usuallyRead MoreHumanism and the Renaissance Arts1289 Words   |  5 PagesWhen discussing the Renaissance; the most intimate area of focus are, art and architecture. Although no one really talks about Renaissance being an obvious era of some of the greatest and most innovative masters of painting, sculptures and builders. Or even that It is also the most influential eras that marked the emergence of a great deal of Scholars, thinkers, writers and philosophers. Regardless the Renaissance (a French word for â€Å"rebirth†) was a much needed time for awakening, from the intellectualRead MoreRenaissance Influence On Art772 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance, a time defined as the rebirth, occurred in Italy between 1350 and 1600. Spreading quickly throughout Europe, with the innovation of the printing press, it caused rippling effects. The Renaissance ultimately altered the aged education of the Dark Ages and renewed it with studies of the more classic works instead of theology. Classic art and literature grew extremely popular, contrasting the lack of interest in them before. Many artists became prominent advocates for the revival ofRead MoreThe Beginning Of Renaissance Art1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe beginning of Renaissance art can be tracked all the way back to Italy in the late 13th and early 14th and 15th centuries. During this Renaissance period, Italian scholars and artists saw themselves as bringing back the ideals and achievements of Roman culture. Their art tried to capture the experience of the individual and the beauty and mystery of the natural world. The Italian Renaissance was considered a rebirth of old values in art such as literature and philosophy. It was a period for theRead MoreRenaissance Art Analysis1097 Words   |  5 PagesThe Renaissance was a period in history known as celebration of knowledge, through various forms of art including sculpture, painting, etc.,. In r elation to previous periods, artists during the Renaissance use their art to serve as a representation of both their beliefs, and social trends. Using this means of portraying information, art became a subjective tool to educate the population. In using art to represent the artist’s beliefs, opinions, and social trends; artists also transformed into poets

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Free Essays

The number of Complementary and Alterative medicine (CAM) consumer is constantly increasing. According to the National Health Information survey in 2004, nearly 40% of American adults used some form of alternative therapies and spend around 30 billion dollars per year on unconventional medicine (Kayne 2008, p. 93). We will write a custom essay sample on Complementary and Alternative Medicine or any similar topic only for you Order Now The term â€Å"alternative medicine† refers to all the therapeutic practice that is not part of the conventional medicine such as: herbal medicine, acupuncture and yoga (Hirsch, 2009). Allopathic medicine is based on scientific knowledge that has already been proven efficient whereas most of homeopathic treatments are based on tradition and beliefs in spiritual energies. It will be argued that although logical issues and concerns dealing with the unconventional therapy, the various advantages of homeopathic methods outweigh any potential inconveniences if it is well practiced and complementary. This is essay will examine the various drawbacks and benefits of this therapeutical approach. First of all, on the disadvantage side alternative medicine usually does not heal the patient instantly. Indeed herbal treatments for instance can take weeks before a real improvement appeared. Sometimes numerous acupuncture sessions or massages are required for a long lasting result. As a consequence the one concerned can get impatient and decided to switch to a more conventional healing. Moreover, according to Dr. Hirsch (2009) to adopt CAM it demands to invest a considerable amount of time, energy and money (as it is rarely covered by health insurance). Furthermore, doctor denounces the fact that some people choose to treat some severe disease primarily with alternative therapies whereas it should only be in addition to conventional medicine. Under those circumstances, damage can be done beyond repair by the time the patient realize that the treatment do not work at all. Besides, CAM practices can meddle with conventional medication, for example herbal supplements can interfere with treatments like birth-control pills. Above all, Dr. Hirsch (2009) states that CAM users must keep in mind that contrary to conventional medical doctors, there is only few trained and licensed CAM practitioners. As an illustration, practice such as yoga can be dangerous if the movement are not done properly with a professional. Finally few scientists like Kaptchuk. (2002) note that placebo effect may enhance results from alternative remedy. As the CAM users believe for instance, that healing ritual such as acupuncture is good for their mind and body it will then have true benefits on the patients for some specific illness as emotional state can influence the immune system. Although this may be true that CAM practice must be done with carefulness and awareness it is not true that the demerits brought by CAM prevail over the merits. First thing to remember in the advantage side, as stated by Buzescu (2011, p. 130) alternative therapies have almost no side effects as it works with the body instead of eliminating symptoms like the conventional medicine. The scientist also holds the views that it is a green friendly practice; natural substances are applied and the modus operandi is quiet simple. In the same way this searcher believes that users may feel reassured that they will probably not found dangerous and polluted chemicals in their products. In addition, it is important to realize that millions of underprivileged families heal themselves and rely only on unconventional medicine thanks to the fact that it not expensive, contrarily to the modern drugs. Moreover the complementary healing approach is becoming increasingly successful for its aptitude to diagnosticate and focus on the real nature of the disease. It pays more attention to the mental and emotional symptoms. As a matter of fact practitioners have the knowledge and are engaged to encourage the mind-body connection. Consequently they give to others the aptitude to bear their sickness through various resources, techniques and natural remedies. Buzescu (2011, p. 30) goes on to say that the main goal of complementary medicine is to â€Å"help or complete classical treatment methods†. In other words CAM is used in addition to conventional healing treatments, to deal with symptoms or side effects that had not been yet cured. In this case, it has been suggested to patients to discuss with the conventional doctor about their intentions to add complementary healing techniques to their previous treatment and more especially if it involves herbal therapies Malbley(1998). Likewise, this practice is becoming more accepted and approved by the conventional doctors, but keep in mind that it can only works as a complement and not as an alternative, a complement should not lead to a total replacement Dawson (2008). Indeed there is finally a theory that CAM treatment can be use for disease like cancer, as it procures some reliefs from signs and symptoms (Tovey, Chatwin and Broom, 2007). To conclude, in recent years CAM healing approach have risen in popularity among industrialized countries. One the one hand, it shows some disadvantages as it may be a long-term treatment that demand a lot of personal investment and which is sometimes taken without a full knowledge of the facts that it may only rely on the placebo effect. On the other hand it merits such as the fact that there is no side effect, it is a cost effective and green approach that focus on the core of the disease to heal, largely compensate the demerits if it is used as a complement. However it is obvious that in order to avoid any abuse, governments should implement laws and regulations toward CAM practice. How to cite Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Essay examples

Strategic Orientation In Change Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Orientation In Change Management? Answer: Introducation Organizations often undergo changes in their structure, management and leadership within the course of doing business. In order to meaningfully undertake such changes, they are called upon to make use of the different models and theories on change management. The theories are helpful in several different considerations for such organizations. They help to assess the organization at the macro level in order to give the leaders a clear direction on the expected change. The driving force that drives the change is also revealed and how the change process will occur in terms of stages, timing and the characteristics of the process. The process of change is also defined in the different models and this address issues such as change content, outcomes and measurements. Organizational change at ANZ bank began by employing the Lewins management of change theory where the organization underwent the process of unfreezing, change and freezing again. The changes undertaken at ANZ banking group was teleological in nature as it was change that was planned. This model of change emphasizes on organizational norms, values and attitudes (George 2016). The change model instituted can best be understood as organizational development strategy that utilized the McKinsey 7S model of change while the leaders involve employed different styles and traits of leading. Theories applicable Lewin's theory is posited on three stages of change which are: unfreeze, change and freeze. The unfreeze stage prepares the organization for the expected change and to remove the barriers that impede it. At ANZ, McFarlane instituted changes that not only prepared the employees but also the community and customers for change. He freezed the ongoing bank closure directive that was being implemented and this was followed by a drive to cut costs. The resultant thousands of jobs lost was a signal the bank would undergo change. The actual change process began in 2007 when McFarlane and the leadership team decided to implement an organizational strategy of change (Skalik 2016). This was known as Perform, Grow and Breakout. This strategy was intended to increase shareholder value and increase financial performance. It was also focused on strengthening the brand, leadership and revenue. Building the foundation for leadership that is sustainable aimed at long-term success was also incorporated within the strategy of change ( Vladimir-Codrin 2014).The parameters that would guide the change and allow for employee input came after undertaking a performance ethic and assessment of values survey. The change was actualized through three initiatives that involved breakout workshops, breakout consulting and charters. The breakout program was essentially focused on cultural transformation at the institution. After the change, McFarlane undertook the last process which was to consolidate the gains made during the process of change. This was done within the consideration of performance management that would freeze the new paradigm expected of the employees. The consolidation stage is intended to ensure that the result of the process is long lasting and permanent (Langley, Smallman, and Tsoukas Van De Ven 2013). The process factored in four critical key result areas (KRAs): community measures, people, customers and financial performance. It would be carried out practically in three phases which include Performance planning, coaching and assessment. The McKinsey 7S model The McKinsey 7S model can also be used to analyze the transformation at the bank with more detail at the component level. The model is underpinned by seven stages which guide the process of change (Nielsen Abdilgaard 2013). These are: strategy, structure, systems, shared values, style, skills and staff. The strategy embraced by the leadership of ANZ bank was named as Perform, Grow and Breakout. The structure of ANZ is split into five divisions which work in collaboration as one. These are the Shared services, Institutional and those based in New Zealand, Asia Pacific and Australia. The structure of reporting is interactive with the line managers through the Performance Assessment that is done yearly. The process of change focused on developing the skills of the employees through programs such as the Emerging Leader Radar Talent which is run by line and HR managers. Additionally, the bank runs a graduate trainee program which allows for the graduate to develop a skill set that is broad in order to have a better understanding of the business. The focus is to develop leadership potentials of the employees (Campbell 2014). Staff considerations are based on controlling the volume while increasing productivity based on the banks balance sheet paying for performance. The philosophy on staff is to have fewer employees who are better paid and more productive. The style taken by the managers at the higher echelons is the one of coaching the employees. The managers are expected to implement long-term development plans for the employees in order to ensure they have learning opportunities and support in order to succeed in their jobs (Farrell 2015). The process of change resulted in shared organizational values which include integrity, collaboration and accountability. Other values espoused are respect and excellence both at the organizational and personal level. Quantz et al (2017), states that these values drive the organizational culture where the employee is expected to perform at their best and factor in the best interests of all stakeholders. Challenges for managers in implementing transformation strategies One of the challenges that managers are confronted with is the resistance to change experienced with an organization. The bias against the change that prefers to maintain the status quo originates due to several fears amongst the employees. Jiang, Probst Benson (2014), state that the fear could that of losing employment, working more for less pay or transfer to divisions which may be far away. The resistance may be active or passive amongst the employees. Smollan (2017), states that one approach for the manager would be to take time in informal sittings where they can listen to the employees, communicate the intended change and prepare them psychologically. Another challenge is ineffective communication that results in the manager being misinterpreted or misunderstood. This also leads to distrust with the employees. The lack of effective communication may also affect the senior management. The remedial measure that managers may be undertaken is to have a clear internal corporate communication strategy that is clear in order to l address issues such as employee complaints and grievances, conflict which is interpersonal and discipline during the process of change ( Nielsen Randall 2012). Feedback from employees should be appropriately communicated to the senior management and the organizational leadership. Another challenge is the strategy which focuses on cost cutting which may be beneficial in the short- run but may prove to be short sighted in hindsight. An example is McFarlane who bailed out of emerging markets in order to lower the risk profile of the bank. The bank was left behind by its competitors in wealth management by the banks that had made significant acquisitions. While trying to avoid making errors, there is the potential problem of being risk averse which ultimately turns out to be negative in its outcomes. The change came at the cost of avoiding stepping out of the comfort zone that is established by focusing on cultural change alone. The cultural web can be used in the process of cultural change within an organization. The new paradigm can be symbolized by changing the company logo, office layout and the code of dressing. This creates a visual representation that is set out by the organization in the process of change. Rituals and routines can also play a vital role in instilling into the employee certain actions expected of them on a daily basis. The meetings also serve as the point to reinforce the statements of the commitment to change (Christofilos, DeMatteo Penciner 2015). The power structure that invests real authority in one or two persons is important during the process of change. The persons with power should act as the champions of change and should have influence. The style of leadership they chose is critical in leading the process of change. The work life balance of the leader is important in motivating the employees to adopt change. Transformational leadership is the ideal style of leading in transformation and can be seen in McFarlane who championed himself as a well rounded individual (Kezar 2001). It is this human face a leader that he proposed to bring to the bank- a bank with a human face. This is important for the employees in balancing their personal and professional life as well as identifying whether they are square holes or round holes. The change champion embodied in the leader is critical in helping employees make the right choices. The ADKAR (awareness, desire, knowledge, ability and reinforcement) model of change is helpful in aligning the business side of change with the people concerned within the organization. Kiani Shah (2014), state that it begins with awareness as to why there is need for change and is followed by the desire to change and engage in participation which is the result of management to the resistance. Knowledge about the outcomes of change should come from education, coaching and training. The ability to implement the change should be the goal that targets the performance level of the employee. Reinforcement which fits with the Lewins freeze stage is meant to ensure that the change is permanent and results from action that is corrective. Specific leadership attributes in the case study The leadership at ANZ can be narrowed down to four principle people: McFarlane, the managers, Michael Smith and Charles Goode. McFarlanes style of leading is both visionary and transformational. The visionary aspect can be seen in the approach taken together with his leadership team in unveiling the Perform, Grow and Breakout strategy. He does not exclusively set out to give direction alone but works with a team in setting out the vision which is then presented to the employees (Al-Ali, Singh, Al-Nahyan Sohan 2017). His visionary leadership is built on the expertise he gained having worked successfully at senior postings in Ford, Citibank and Standard Chartered Bank. At this critical stage of change, the bank needed new vision which McFarlane brought onboard. He also exhibits the transformational leadership style that embodies qualities that inspire change. The quality of individualized consideration probes the employee to question whether they are round holes or square ones within the organization and sets them on the course of self development (Arif, Kashif Sindu 2007). Inspirational motivation is manifest in providing the meaning for the expected change. Employees will be remunerated according to their input to the balance sheet and this gives them the sense of purpose in embracing change. This style is delivered within traits that show social boldness and being tough minded. He reverses the decision to close down branches and retreat from rural areas. He also implements cost cutting measures that result in the loss of thousands of jobs. The managers within the framework of change are expected to meet regularly with the employees and coach them. This is part of the Performance Coaching phase that ensures they have the support and opportunity to actualize their roles. The managers employ the coaching leader style of leading that connects the employees values, goals with the organizational objectives (Gandolfi Stone 2017). The managers focus on developing the emotional intelligence of the staff under them for success in the future that is long-term in orientation (Jensen Bojeun 2017). The common trait needed by the managers is the emotional stability to deal with levels of stress and frustration that is attendant with coaching. Psychological maturity is critical in order to deal with challenges that may arise as they coach their juniors. The fourth leader in the case study is Michael Smith whose style of leading is the pacesetting approach (Kezar 2001). After taking over the reins, he immediately faced challenges in 2008 which necessitated shedding off some jobs in further restructuring that right sized the bank. He moved some operations to Bangalore, restructured in order to improve focus on the customer and strengthen the balance sheet. He also sets to fix the shortcomings within the equity finance side of the bank which involved taking disciplinary action against some employees. His trait is one of dominance and being tough minded with low attachment to sentimental value. Apparently the equity business had no real value but was sentimental to the bank. The last leader for analysis is the chairman, Charles Goode whose style of leading is the affiliative approach (Landis, Hill Harvey 2014). Having been present during the time of change, he witnessed high ranking individuals exit the bank under the tenure of McFarlane. Realizing that new blood was needed in order to come and mend the fences and bad blood in the upper management, he took the approach that people should come first. Having come through a period that was stressful for all employees, re-mending trust and dissipating tension called for this style of leading (Choi Sang, Lim Zhi Tan Wee 2016). The trait exhibited is to be conscientious to be bound by duty as the chairman to ensure continuity which is harmonious for the bank. He therefore used his position to push for new leadership despite objections from the shareholders on the timing. Conclusion Organizations often undergo changes in their structure, management and leadership within the course of doing business. Meaningfully changes that are transformative often require the use and of different models and theories on change management. The process of change at ANZ bank under the leadership of McFarlane utilized two concepts and theories of change management at the organizational level. The Lewins model was used to catalyze the organization to change using broad parameters. The McKinsey 7 S model offers more depth and insight into the component aspects that were targeted for change. The change resulted in right sizing the human resource component coupled with cultural change that espoused new organizational values. The process of change is fraught with challenges such as the resistance by employees to change. Other challenges include lack of clear communication which requires change managers to come up with proactive solutions. Some models that can be employed within organizations to facilitate a smooth transition of change are the cultural web and ADKAR models. These models help the employee to align their values and goals to that of the organization. Leaders and their style of management coupled with personality traits affect the process of change. Each leader and manager will adopt the style relevant to the stage of change. Collectively, the different leadership styles and models adopted in the process of change ensure that the change is transformational, beneficial and long-lasting References Al-Ali, AA, Singh, SK, Al-Nahyan, M, Sohal, AS, 2017, 'Change management through leadership: the mediating role of organizational culture', International Journal of Organizational Analysis (1934-8835), vol. 25, no. 4, p. 723. Available from: 10.1108/IJOA-01-2017-1117, viewed 16 September 2017. Arif, M, Zahid, S, Kashif, U, Sindhu, MI, 2017, 'Role of leader-member exchange relationship in organizational change management: Mediating role of organizational culture', International Journal of Organizational Leadership, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 32-41. Campbell, H, 2014, Managing Organizational Change : A Practical Toolkit for Leaders, 1st Edition, Kogan Page, Philadelphia, PA. Choi Sang, L, Lim Zhi, Y, Tan Wee, C, 2016, 'Analysis of the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Affective Organizational Commitment', International Journal of Management, Accounting Economics, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 572-598. Christofilos, V, DeMatteo, D, Penciner, R, 2015, 'Outcomes of commitment to change statements after an interprofessional faculty development program', Journal of Interprofessional Care, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 273-275. Available from: 10.3109/13561820.2014.950725, viewed 16 September 2017. Farrell, M, 2015, 'Long Term Vision Creates Perspective', Journal of Library Administration, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 121-130. Available from: 10.1080/01930826.2014.995556, viewed 16 September 2017. 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